Treatment for oligospermia depends on the cause, and this chapter sets out the main options. These include antibiotics for infections, hormonal therapy for endocrine causes and surgery such as varicocelectomy to reduce testicular overheating or clear blockages. Lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, are covered as a way to support sperm production. For couples where natural conception is less likely, the chapter explains assisted reproductive technologies, starting with intrauterine insemination and moving on to IVF and ICSI for more severe cases. It closes by encouraging readers to consider their lifestyle and keep up regular health checks.