Definition: Uterine Fibroids: Understanding and Treatment Options

Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that can develop in or around your uterus. These fibroids comprise smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue and can present as either a single or multiple growth.

Fibroid size can vary greatly, ranging from just 1 mm to over 20 cm—so they can be as small as a seed or as large as a melon!

They are categorised into different types based on their location in or on the uterus.

The three main types of uterine fibroids are intramural (within the uterine wall), subserosal (on the outside of the uterus), and submucosal (within the uterine cavity).

When subserosal or submucosal fibroids are connected to the uterus by a stalk of tissue, they are called pedunculated fibroids.

Uterine fibroids are common reproductive findings. According to the National Health Service, about two-thirds of women will develop at least one fibroid in their lifetime. However, most women remain asymptomatic and may never realise they have them.

For those who do encounter symptoms, we'll explore some common symptoms in the next chapter.